Explain the role of telomeres.

1) Ensure genes are not lost/eroded due to end replication problem, preventing loss of vital genetic information

2) Protect and stabilise the terminal ends of chromosomes - prevent chromosomes from fusing with other chromosomes and prevent DNA repair machinery from recognising 3' overhangs as DNA breaks, preventing apoptosis.

3) Allow their own extension - attachment point for telomerase (germ cells, embryonic stem cells, cancer cells)